Android 蓝牙开发详述

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/einarzhang/article/details/6943861

在AndroidSDK sample中给出了一个蓝牙聊天的示例代码，本文只是略作修改变成一个简单的服务器和客户端模式的应用，以适应在游戏开发中一对一关联的数据传输。

由于游戏中的蓝牙设置在新线程中发生，所以采用Handler的方式将蓝牙的状态以及读取信息传输给显示Activity。

1 开启蓝牙，包括xml中的配置:

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>

//获取蓝牙适配器
BluetoothAdapterbtAdapter=BlueToothService.getInstance().getBtAdapter();
//开启蓝牙
if(!btAdapter.isEnabled()){

IntentenableIntent=newIntent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(enableIntent,ConstantsUtil.ENABLE_BLUETOOTH);

}

2 在当前Activity中获取蓝牙开启结果，并根据具体情况对蓝牙进行处理

@Override

protectedvoidonActivityResult(intrequestCode,intresultCode,Intentdata){

switch(requestCode){

caseConstantsUtil.ENABLE_BLUETOOTH:

if(resultCode==Activity.RESULT_OK){

bluetoothProcess(PSystem.isServer);

}else{

finish();

}

}

}

publicvoidbluetoothProcess(booleanisServer){
BlueToothService.getInstance().setsHandler(mHandler);
if(isServer){
//如果是蓝牙服务器，则需要开启发现服务，并启动蓝牙服务器
if(btAdapter.getScanMode()!=BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE){
IntentdiscoverableIntent=newIntent(
BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
discoverableIntent.putExtra(
BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION,180);
startActivity(discoverableIntent);
}
BlueToothService.getInstance().start();
}else{
//如果是蓝牙客户端则扫描周围可用的蓝牙设备
blueToothNames=newArrayList<String>();
blutToothDevices=newArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
//添加过滤器，并注册广播，用于监听蓝牙发现信息
IntentFilterfilter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
this.registerReceiver(mReceiver,filter);
filter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
this.registerReceiver(mReceiver,filter);
//开始扫描
doDiscovery();
}
}
publicvoiddoDiscovery(){
if(btAdapter.isDiscovering()){
btAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
btAdapter.startDiscovery();
}

3 蓝牙广播接收器

privatefinalBroadcastReceivermReceiver=newBroadcastReceiver(){
@Override
publicvoidonReceive(Contextcontext,Intentintent){
Stringaction=intent.getAction();
if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)){
BluetoothDevicedevice=intent
.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if(device.getName()!=null&&!device.getName().trim().equals("")){
blueToothNames.add(device.getName());
blutToothDevices.add(device);
}
}elseif(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
.equals(action)){
btAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
TestActivity.this.unregisterReceiver(this);
}
}
};

4 以上是蓝牙基本配置和发现。现在进行蓝牙监听和连接：

蓝牙服务器监听代码：

publicvoidstart(){
BluetoothServerSocketserverSocket=null;
try{
serverSocket=btAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord("JumpForMeApp",MY_UUID_SECURE);
changeState(ConstantsUtil.BT_STATE_LISTEN);
btSocket=serverSocket.accept();
}catch(IOExceptione){
}finally{
try{
serverSocket.close();
}catch(IOExceptione){
}
}
if(btSocket!=null){
changeState(ConstantsUtil.BT_STATE_CONNECTED);
}
}

客户端连接代码：

publicvoidconnect(BluetoothDevicedevice){
try{
btAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
btSocket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID_SECURE);
changeState(ConstantsUtil.BT_STATE_CONNECTING);
btSocket.connect();
}catch(IOExceptione){
}
changeState(ConstantsUtil.BT_STATE_CONNECTED);
}

5利用蓝牙进行消息传递，建立新的线程来处理读写操作(见BluetoothChat Sample中的ConnectedThread)：

classConnectedThreadextendsThread{
privatefinalBluetoothSocketmmSocket;
privatefinalInputStreammmInStream;
privatefinalOutputStreammmOutStream;

publicConnectedThread(BluetoothSocketsocket){
mmSocket=socket;
InputStreamtmpIn=null;
OutputStreamtmpOut=null;
try{
tmpIn=socket.getInputStream();
tmpOut=socket.getOutputStream();
}catch(IOExceptione){
Log.e(TAG,"tempsocketsnotcreated",e);
}
mmInStream=tmpIn;
mmOutStream=tmpOut;
}

publicvoidrun(){
byte[]buffer=newbyte[1024];
intbytes;
while(true){
try{
bytes=mmInStream.read(buffer);
if(transHandler!=null){
//通知数据传输处理器
transHandler.sendMessage(transHandler.obtainMessage(ConstantsUtil.BT_READ,bytes,-1,buffer));
}
}catch(IOExceptione){
Log.e(TAG,"disconnected",e);
break;
}
}
}

publicvoidwrite(byte[]buffer){
try{
mmOutStream.write(buffer);
}catch(IOExceptione){
Log.e(TAG,"Exceptionduringwrite",e);
}
}

publicvoidcancel(){
try{
mmSocket.close();
}catch(IOExceptione){
Log.e(TAG,"close()ofconnectsocketfailed",e);
}
}
}